The gear industry is the foundation of the machinery industry. Compared with the machinery equipment industry, the gear industry is the most technology-intensive and capital-intensive industry. Gears and gear products are important basic parts of machinery equipment. The main transmission parts of most complete sets of machinery equipment are gear transmission.
When the planetary gear reducer is working, the gears are always busy. However, although many people have seen gears, they do not know the relevant knowledge of gears.In this article, I will take you to understand the basic knowledge of gears, their origin, development and current situation.
(1) What are gears? How did they come into being and develop?
Gears are mechanical components with teeth on the wheel rim that can continuously mesh to transmit motion and power. They are mechanical parts with teeth that can mesh with each other. The earliest record of gears comes from bronze cast gears in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty of more than 2,400 years ago. In 1694, French scholar PHILIPPE DE LA HIRE first proposed that involutes can be used as tooth profile curves. During the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, gear technology developed rapidly, and special machine tools and cutting tools appeared one after another, which also represented the maturity of gear cutting technology.
At present, the gear industry has become the largest industry in China’s mechanical basic parts industry. In terms of market demand and production scale, China’s gear industry has surpassed Italy in global ranking and ranks fourth in the world.
(2)How are gears classified specifically?
Gears can be classified according to the dimensions of gear shape, teeth line shape, the surface where the gear teeth are located, and manufacturing methods. According to the shape classification, gears can be divided into: cylindrical gears, bevel gears, non-circular gears, racks, worm gears, etc.; according to the teeth line shape, gears can be divided into spur gears, helical gears, herringbone gears, curved gears, etc.; according to the device form, gears can be divided into open gears, closed gears, and semi-open gears; according to the manufacturing method, gears can be divided into: cast gears, cut gears, rolled gears, and fired gears, etc.
However, although there are many types of gears and many classification methods, gears are generally classified according to the axiality of the gears, which are divided into three types: parallel axes, intersecting axes and staggered axes.
(3) The role of gears and their role in planetary gear reducers
The main functions of gears include: transmitting power, changing speed, and changing torque. Gears also have their own advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages include: high efficiency, the highest type of mechanical transmission; compact structure; reliable operation, long service life; constant transmission ratio.
Disadvantages include: not suitable for occasions with too large transmission distance; no overload protection; vibration and noise during movement, which will generate a certain dynamic load; it is difficult to manufacture and install high-precision gears, with high costs and low pass rates.
Internationally, power transmission gear devices are developing in the direction of miniaturization, high speed and standardization. The practical application of special gears, the development of planetary gear transmission devices, and the research and development of low-vibration and low-noise gear devices are some of the points that need to be paid attention to in gear design.
In planetary gear reducers, gears are used for both sun gears and planetary gears. When a planetary gear reducer is working, there are usually two meshing points on one planetary gear or on two mutually connected planetary gears, which are respectively related to two sun gears. In this way, the gears constitute the transmission structure of the planetary gear reducer. At the same time, high-precision, high-quality and high-meshing gears can help the planetary gear reducer to ultimately achieve a high-efficiency transmission effect. （Author: SGR, Angie Zhang)
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