What are the types and characteristics of reducers?

In the power transmission industry, the reducer is a reduction transmission device that matches the speed and transmits torque between the prime mover and the working machine or actuator. It is widely used in various industries, including engineering machinery, ship auxiliary machinery, mining machinery, textile printing and dyeing machinery, metallurgical industry, shipbuilding industry, petrochemical machinery, light industrial machinery, engineering machinery, agricultural machinery, construction machinery, etc.

The main products of the planetary gear reducer factory SGR include: planetary gear reducers, toroidal worm reducers, combined reducers, cylindrical worm reducers, small reduction motors, etc. These reducers all belong to the category of gear reducers, and are mechanical devices that achieve deceleration and torque increase through different gear systems.

Gear reducer is the most commonly used type of reducer. Inside the gearbox of the gear reducer, each gear is driven to reduce speed. The gear reducer is composed of gear pairs at each level. For example, a small gear drives a large gear to achieve mechanical deceleration. If a multi-level structure is used, the mechanical deceleration effect can be greatly increased, and the torque effect can be increased.

According to the number of transmission stages, reducers can be divided into single-stage and multi-stage reducers; according to the shape of the gears, they can be divided into cylindrical gear reducers, bevel gear reducers and conical and cylindrical gear reducers; according to the transmission layout, they can be divided into expanded, split and coaxial reducers.

In general, the common classifications and characteristics of reducers are as follows:

(1) Single-stage cylindrical gear reducer

The structure of a single-stage cylindrical gear reducer is relatively simple, consisting of a pair of cylindrical gears, easy to manufacture and maintain. The gear teeth can be spur, helical or herringbone, the applicable reduction ratio range is 3-10, and the transmission accuracy is average.

(2) Double-stage cylindrical gear reducer

A double-stage cylindrical gear reducer is a gear reducer that achieves a larger reduction ratio by meshing two-stage cylindrical gears. Compared with a single-stage cylindrical gear reducer, a double-stage cylindrical gear reducer can provide a larger reduction ratio and higher torque output, and is suitable for applications that require a larger reduction ratio and high torque output. There are three types of double-stage cylindrical gear reducers: expansion type, split type, and coaxial type. The applicable reduction ratio range is 8-60, and the transmission accuracy is average.

(3) Single-stage bevel gear reducer

A single-stage bevel gear reducer is a mechanical device that achieves deceleration and torque increase through the meshing of a pair of bevel gears. Compared with cylindrical gear reducers, bevel gear reducers are mainly used to change the transmission direction and achieve deceleration at the same time. The applicable reduction ratio range of a single-stage bevel gear reducer is 8-10. The transmission ratio should not be too large to reduce the size of the bevel gear and facilitate processing. The single-stage bevel gear reducer is used for transmissions where two axes intersect.

(4) Bevel and cylindrical gear reducer

The applicable reduction ratio range of the bevel and cylindrical gear reducer is 8-40. Bevel gears are arranged at high speed stage to reduce the size of bevel gears. Bevel gears can be straight teeth or curved teeth. Cylindrical gears are mostly helical teeth, which can offset part of the axial force of bevel gears. The volume is relatively large, and the transmission accuracy is average.

(5) Worm gear reducer

A worm gear reducer is a common transmission device that achieves deceleration and torque increase through the meshing of the worm and the worm wheel. The single-stage worm reducer is suitable for a reduction ratio of 10-80. Its main feature is that it has a reverse self-locking function and can have a larger reduction ratio. The input shaft and the output shaft are not on the same axis or on the same plane.

However, it is generally large in size and has low transmission efficiency. The worm gear reducer is suitable for occasions with low precision and intermittent work.

(6) Planetary gear reducer

A planetary gear reducer is a highly efficient transmission device that achieves deceleration and torque increase through a planetary gear system. It has the advantages of high efficiency, high torque output, low noise and compact design. The single-stage reduction ratio is generally not less than 3, and the maximum is general

ly not more than 10. Compared with other reducers, planetary gear reducers have the characteristics of high rigidity, high precision, high transmission efficiency, high torque and small size. Most of the planetary gear reducers are installed on stepper motors and servo motors to reduce speed, increase torque and match inertia.

The above 6 types of reducers all belong to the category of gear reducers, but they have unique structural characteristics and are suitable for different application scenarios. The planetary gearbox factory SGR reminds you that when selecting a gear reducer, you should comprehensively consider the reduction ratio, transmission efficiency, working noise, load capacity, space restrictions, and self-locking ability in certain scenarios required in actual applications.(Author: SGR, Angie Zhang)

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